Složené tvary
|
| be a far cry from [sth] expr | informal (very different from) | být velmi odlišný od ned, fráze |
| | | být zcela jiný než ned, fráze |
| | Life in Canada is a far cry from what she's used to in Haiti. |
| a stone's throw from adv + prep | figurative, informal (near) (přeneseně: blízko, nedaleko) | co by kamenem dohodil fráze |
| | The shop is just a stone's throw from my house. |
| absent yourself from [sth] v expr | formal (leave) (přeneseně: odejít) | vzdálit se od dok + předl |
| | (přeneseně: odejít) | omluvit se dok |
| | If you feel unwell, simply absent yourself from the table. |
| | Když ti není dobře, vzdal se od stolu. |
absent,
absent yourself from [sth] v expr | formal (not attend) | omluvit se z dok + předl |
| | | nezúčastnit se dok |
| | Mr Smith sends his apologies for having to absent himself from today's meeting. |
| | Pan Novák prosí za prominutí, že se z dnešní schůze musel omluvit. |
absolve [sb] of [sth],
absolve [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | (religion: free from sin) (hříchu) | oprostit od dok + předl |
| | (hříchu) | osvobodit od dok + předl |
| | The priest absolved the man of all his sins. |
absolve [sb] of [sth],
absolve [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | (free from guilt) (někoho viny) | zprostit dok |
| | The court absolved Richard of any blame for the accident. |
| abstain from [sth] vi + prep | (refrain from, not indulge in) | neprovádět, nedělat ned |
| | Roman Catholics abstain from eating meat on Fridays during Lent. |
| abstention from [sth] n | (not partaking of [sth]) | zdržení se s |
| | | upuštění od s + předl |
| | If you are driving, abstention from alcohol is the only way to be safe. |
| abstract [sth] from [sth] vtr + prep | (consider out of practical context) | oddělit dok |
| | It is difficult to abstract Baroque music from its religious context. |
| | Je těžké oddělit barokní hudbu od jejího náboženského kontextu. |
| abstract [sth] from [sth] vtr + prep | (obtain [sth] from a source) | získat z dok + předl |
| | The data is abstracted from online news stories. |
| across from [sth/sb] prep | (opposite) | naproti předl |
| | My office building is just across from the mall. |
| | Moje kancelář je hned naproti obchoďáku. |
aged from [sth] to [sth],
aged between [sth] and [sth] adj + prep | (in a given age range) | ve věku předl + m |
| | This program is designed for young people aged from 18 to 25. |
| apart from conj | (except) | kromě předl |
| | Apart from me, none of my classmates delivered the composition on time. |
| | Kromě mne nikdo ze spolužáků práci neodevzdal včas. |
| apart from adj | (separate from, away from) | mimo předl |
| | He built his house apart from the rest of the village. |
| | Postavil si dům mimo vesnici. |
arise from [sth],
arise out of [sth] vi + prep | (result) | být následkem ned + m |
| | | vyvstat dok |
| | | vyvstávat ned |
| | Several complications arose from the surgery. |
| | Z operace vyvstalo několik komplikací. |
| as from prep | (starting on) | počínaje od příč dok + předl |
| | | od předl |
| | | počínaje příč dok |
| | You'll need to arrive 10 minutes earlier as from tomorrow. |
| aside from prep | (apart from, not including) | kromě přísl |
| | | stranou přísl |
| | Aside from the high pay, why do you want to be a doctor? |
| | Vysoký plat stranou, proč se chceš stát lékařkou? |
| away from [sth/sb] prep | (at a distance) | mimo přísl |
| | | dál od přísl + předl |
| | (něčeho) | stranou přísl |
| | Away from the earthquake's epicentre there was less damage. |
| | Mimo epicentrum zemětřesení již nebyly napáchány takové škody. |
| ban [sb] from doing [sth] v expr | often passive (prohibit) | zakázat dok |
| | | zakazovat ned |
| | Students are banned from chewing gum in class at this school. |
| | Studenti mají při vyučování zakázáno žvýkat. |
| ban [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | (expel, exclude) | vykázat, vypovědět dok |
| | | vykazovat, vypovídat ned |
| | After he was caught stealing books, Richie was banned from the library. |
| | Richie byl přistižen při krádeži knih a byl vykázán z knihovny. |
| bar [sb] from doing [sth] vtr + prep | often passive (exclude, ban from doing [sth]) | zakázat dok |
| | | vyloučit z dok + předl |
| | The judge barred Lewis from driving for a year. |
| | Soudce Lewisovi na rok zakázal řízení. |
| be descended from [sb] v expr | (human: have as ancestor) | pocházet z rodu ned, fráze |
| | The family is descended from Prince Axel of Denmark and Princess Margaretha of Sweden. |
| be descended from [sth] v expr | (have evolved from) | vyvinout se z dok + předl |
| | The domestic dog is descended from the wolves of Europe and Asia. |
| beg [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep | (request food, money) | žebrat od ned + předl |
| | The poor boy begged food and money from strangers on the street. |
| | Chudý chlapec od lidí na ulici žebral peníze. |
| benefit from [sth] vi + prep | (derive advantage) (přeneseně: užitek) | těžit z ned + předl |
| | | mít užitek z, mít prospěch z ned, fráze |
| | The company will benefit from the growth in sales. |
| | Společnost bude těžit (or: mít prospěch) z růstu prodeje. |
| borrow [sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep | figurative (ideas: adopt from others) (zdroj myšlenek) | čerpat z ned + předl |
| | Most religions borrow ideas from older ones. |
| | Většina náboženství čerpá z těch předchozích. |
| borrow from [sb/sth] vi + prep | figurative (ideas: take adopt) (přeneseně: myšlenku, nápad apod.) | vypůjčit si dok |
| | (myšlenku, nápad apod.) | převzít dok |
| | His work borrows from many other artists. |
| | Ve svém umění si často vypůjčuje od jiných autorů. |
| bounce [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | US, figurative, slang (evict) | vykázat z dok + předl |
| | | vyhostit z dok + předl |
| | The football players were bounced from the club for starting a fight. |
| break free from [sb] vi + adj | (escape) (někoho) | osvobodit se od dok + předl |
| | (někoho) | zbavit se dok |
| break free from [sth] v expr | (escape) | uprchnout z dok + předl |
| | | osvobodit se z dok + předl |
| | The two convicts were finally able to break free from the chain gang. |
bum [sth] off [sb],
bum [sth] from [sb] vtr + prep | slang (obtain by asking, begging) | vyžádat od, vyprosit od dok + předl |
| | | dožadovat od, vyžadovat od ned + předl |
| | (hovorový výraz) | škemrat od ned |
| | Brad is always bumming cigarettes off his friends. |
| | Brad vždycky škemrá cigarety od přátel. |
cadge [sth] from [sb],
cadge [sth] off [sb]⇒ vtr | informal (obtain by begging) (hovor., přen.) | vyžebrat něco, vyžebrat něco od někoho dok |
| | Grayson cadged a quarter from his neighbor to feed the parking meter. |
| | David vyžebral od souseda dvacku na parkovaní. |
carve [sth] out of [sth],
carve [sth] from [sth] v expr | (shape: sculpt from) | vytesat z dok + předl |
| | | vyřezat z dok + předl |
| | | vyrýt z dok + předl |
| | Michelangelo liked to carve huge athletic nudes out of marble. |
| | Michelangelo rád tesal z mramoru nahé atletické postavy velkých rozměrů. |
cashier [sb],
cashier [sb] from [sth]⇒ vtr | US, informal (dismiss from a job) (z práce) | propustit dok |
| | (hovorový výraz: z práce) | vyhodit dok |
| | Marco was cashiered from the military because of the mistakes he made. |
| | Marco byl vyhozen z armády kvůli chybám, kterých se dopustil. |
| cast [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | (send forth) | překlad není dostupný |
| | He was cast from his city and had to live elsewhere. |
| choose from [sth] vi + prep | (decide between) | rozhodnout se mezi dok + předl |
| | | vybrat si mezi dok + předl |
| | He needs to choose from the three options. |
| | Musí se rozhodnout mezi třemi možnostmi. |
| coerce [sth] from [sb]⇒ vtr | (bring about by force) | vynutit dok |
| | Authorities attempted to coerce cooperation from the residents. |
| come away from [sth] v expr | (leave) | odejít od dok + předl |
| | Lucy came away from the interview feeling confident that she had got the job. |
| come away from [sth] v expr | (move further) | odstoupit od dok + předl |
| | Come away from that cliff edge; it may crumble. |
| come away from [sth] v expr | (become detached) | oddělit se od dok + předl |
| | The cupboard door had come away from one of its hinges. |
| come from [sth] vi + prep | (be born or raised in) | pocházet z, být z ned + předl |
| | She comes from India. |
| | He comes from a very poor part of the country. |
| come from [sth] vi + prep | (have as its source) (zdroj) | pocházet z ned + předl |
| | Three-quarters of our daily water supply comes from lakes, rivers, and streams. |
comeback,
come-from-behind n | (sports: big catchup in points) (ve sportu) | comeback m |
| | (ve sportu) | dotažení se s |
| confiscate [sth] from [sb]⇒ vtr | (seize, take away) (někomu něco) | sebrat dok |
| | (někomu něco) | vzít dok |
| | A customs officer confiscated the cheese from Rodney. |
| constrain [sb] from doing [sth] v expr | (hold [sb] back legally) | omezovat ned |
| | | nutit ned |
| | The contract constrained the author from hiring a new agent. |
| | Smlouva spisovatele omezovala, takže nemohl najmout nového agenta. |
| crib from [sb/sth] vi + prep | informal (cheat in an exam) | opisovat ned |
| | I failed the test because Jill wouldn't let me crib from her. |
| | Test jsem nezvládl, protože mě Jill od sebe nenechala opisovat. |
| crush [sth] from [sth] vtr + prep | (extract liquid) (tekutinu) | vymačkat dok |
| | (tekutinu) | vymáčknout dok |
| | They crushed the juice from an orange to make a drink. |
| | Vymačkali šťávu z pomerančů, aby měli džus. |
| date from [sth] vi + prep | (exist since) (pocházet z určitého data) | datovat se do ned + předl |
| | The settlements here date from 1678. |
| | Původní osady se datují do roku 1678. |
| day-trip from [sth] vi + prep | US (make a day trip from a place) | udělat si jednodenní výlet dok, fráze |
| | We met a couple in Oxford who were day-tripping from London. |
| debar [sb] from [sth]⇒ vtr | (deny admission to) | vyloučit dok |
| | (hovor., přen.: někoho odněkud) | vyhodit dok |
| | The underage college students were debarred from the club. |
| deduce [sth] from [sth]⇒ vtr | (conclude) | vyvodit z dok + předl |
| | | dojít k závěru dok, fráze |
| | The detective deduced the answer from the physical evidence and witness reports. |
| deliver [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | (liberate, rescue) | zachránit dok |
| | | osvobodit dok |
| | The commandos delivered the hostages from captivity. |
| depart from [sth] vi + prep | (leave a place) | odjet dok |
| | This train departs from New York at 3:15 pm. |
| | Tento vlak odjíždí z New Yorku v 15:15. |
| depart from [sth] vi + prep | figurative (deviate) (od daných zvyků) | odchýlit se od, vybočit z dok + předl |
| | (zvyk) | změnit dok |
| | My mom was worried when I didn't show up because she knew it was unusual for me to depart from my normal routine. |
| | Máma se bála, když jsem se neukázal, protože věděla, že normálně nevybočuji ze zvyků. |
| deregister [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | (remove from: list, etc.) (někoho ze seznamu apod.) | škrtnout dok |
| deregister from [sth] vi + prep | (remove yourself from: list, etc.) | škrtnout se z dok + předl |
| | | odhlásit se z dok + předl |
| derive from [sth] vi + prep | (word: develop from) | pocházet z ned + předl |
| | | být odvozen z ned, fráze |
| | The word "deduct" derives from Latin. |
| | Slovo „dedukovat“ pochází z latiny. |
| derive from [sth] vi + prep | (have as origin) | pocházet ned |
| | The company derives from an idea the partners had when they were students. |
| | Společnost pochází z nápadu společníků z dob jejich mládí. |
| derive [sth] from [sth] vtr + prep | (obtain) | získat z dok + předl |
| | The workers derive the cocaine from the leaves of the coco plant. |
| | Pracovníci získávají kokain z listů koky. |
| derive [sth] from [sth] vtr + prep | (gain) (prospěch, uspokojení apod.) | čerpat ned |
| | Adam derives great satisfaction from writing poetry. |
| | Adam čerpá uspokojení z psaní poezie. |
| derive [sth] from [sth] vtr + prep | (conclusion: deduce) (závěr) | vyvodit z dok + předl |
| | (závěr) | vydedukovat z dok + předl |
| | Sherlock Holmes could derive accurate conclusions about a person from the smallest of clues. |
| descend from [sth/sb] vi + prep | (living thing: have evolved from) | vyvinout se z dok + předl |
| | All humans descend from a common ancestor. |
| desist from [sth] vi + prep | (stop doing [sth]) | upustit od dok + předl |
| | | přestat s dok + předl |
| | | ustat v dok + předl |
| | The headteacher ordered the pupil to desist from such disruptive behaviour. |
| desist from doing [sth] v expr | (stop doing) | přestat s dok + předl |
| | | upustit od dok + předl |
| | The court ordered the company to desist from trading completely. |
| detach [sth] from [sth] vtr + prep | (disconnect) | odpojit od dok + předl |
| | | odloučit dok |
| | When they got to the campsite, Sue detached the caravan from the car. |
| detach yourself from [sth] v expr | (no longer be involved) | odtrhnout se od dok + předl |
| | | nezapojovat se do, nevměšovat se do ned + předl |
| deter [sb] from doing [sth] v expr | (discourage from doing) | odradit od dok + předl |
| | | odstrašit od dok + předl |
| | The large dog deterred trespassers from entering the property. |
| | Velký pes odradil lidi od toho, aby neoprávněně vstoupili na pozemek. |
| detract attention from [sth] v expr | (distract people from [sth]) | odvést pozornost od dok, fráze |
| detract [sb]'s attention from [sth] v expr | (distract [sb] from [sth]) | odvést pozornost od dok, fráze |
| | Stop trying to detract our attention from what's really important. |
| deviate from [sth] vi + prep | (stray from: a course) | odbočit z dok + předl |
| | Jan decided to deviate from the path and walk on the beach. |
| deviate from [sth] vi + prep | (not conform to [sth] usual) | odchýlit se od dok + předl |
| | The chef deviated from the traditional recipe by adding further ingredients. |
| deviate from [sth] vi + prep | (digress from: a topic) (tématu) | odbočit od dok + předl |
| | The professor deviated from his lesson plan. |
| differ from [sth/sb] vi + prep | (not be like) | lišit se od ned + předl |
| | This candidate differs from all the others. |
| different from [sth/sb] adj + prep | (not like) | odlišný od příd + předl |
| | My father's views on politics are different from mine. |
| differentiate [sth] from [sth] vtr + prep | (see difference) | odlišit od, rozlišit od dok + předl |
| | Many English people cannot differentiate a Yorkshire accent from a Lancashire accent. |
| direct [sb/sth] away from [sth] v expr | (point in different direction) | směrovat ned |
| | The police were directing traffic away from the street where they were repairing the gas leak. |
| discharge [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | (release from military service) (z vojenské služby) | propustit z dok + předl |
| | (z vojenské služby) | uvolnit z dok + předl |
| | The commanding officer discharged the soldier from military service. |
| | Velící důstojník propustil vojáka ze služby. |
| discharge [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | (release from prison) (z vězení) | propustit dok |
| | The parole board discharged the man from prison. |
| | Muž byl podmínečně propuštěn z vězení. |
| disconnect from [sth] vi + prep | (log off from) (počítačová aplikace) | odhlásit se z dok + předl |
| | Click here to disconnect from the server. |
| discourage [sb] from doing [sth] v expr | (dissuade) | rozmluvit dok |
| | | odradit od dok + předl |
| | | zrazovat od ned + předl |
| | Jane did her best to discourage her friend from drinking too much. |
| | Jane se snažila rozmluvit kamarádce přílišné pití alkoholu. |
| discriminate [sth] from [sth] vtr + prep | (differentiate things) (něco od něčeho) | odlišovat ned |
| | It's hard to discriminate this flower from its close relative. |
| disengage yourself from [sth] v expr | (end involvement in) | stáhnout se z dok + předl |
| | | přestat se angažovat v dok, fráze |
| | Linda had to disengage herself from the project due to a family emergency. |
| disentangle yourself from [sth/sb] vtr + refl | figurative (end involvement in [sth]) (přeneseně) | oddělit se od dok + předl |
| | (přeneseně) | odpoutat se od dok + předl |
| | Alan was unable to disentangle himself from his family's problems. |
| dismiss [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | (sack, fire: an employee) (z funkce, pozice apod.) | propustit z dok + předl |
| | (neformální) | vyhodit z dok + předl |
| | | odvolat z dok + předl |
| | The board of governors dismissed Ellen from her job as school secretary because of her poor timekeeping. |
| | Vedení Ellen propustilo ze zaměstnání školní sekretářky kvůli její nedochvilnosti. |
| dispense [sb] from [sth] vtr + prep | formal (exempt) (povinnosti) | osvobodit od dok + předl |
| | | zprostit dok |
| | Winning the lottery dispensed Julie from ever having to work again. |
| disqualify [sb] from [sth]⇒ vtr | (rule out of competition) (z účasti) | vyřadit dok |
| | (z účasti) | vyloučit dok |
| | Although the team was strong, they were disqualified for the tournament because they didn't have enough players. |
| dissent from [sth] vi + prep | (disagree with [sb]) | nesouhlasit s ned + předl |
| | | neshodovat se s ned + předl |
| | The minority's opinion dissents from the majority's in several respects. |
dissociate [sth] from [sth],
disassociate⇒ vtr | (consider unrelated) | oddělit dok |
| | | odlišit dok |
| | | separovat ned |
| | | disociovat ned |
| | It can be difficult to dissociate the meaningful content from the nonsense online. |
dissociate yourself from [sb],
disassociate yourself from [sb] v expr | (distance yourself from [sb]) (někoho) | distancovat se od ned + předl |
| | (někoho) | odloučit se od dok + předl |
| | Diane eventually dissociated herself from her troublemaker friends. |
dissociate yourself from [sth],
disassociate yourself from [sb] v expr | (distance yourself from [sth]) (něčeho) | distancovat se od ned + předl |
| | The nominee tried to dissociate himself from the racist remarks of his former friends. |
| dissuade [sb] from [sth]⇒ vtr | (persuade [sb] not to do [sth]) (někoho) | odradit od dok + předl |
| | It's impossible to dissuade Shawn from enlistment in the military. |
| dissuade [sb] from doing [sth]⇒ vtr | (persuade [sb] against doing [sth]) | přemluvit, aby ne dok, fráze |
| | | odradit od dok + předl |
| | Please dissuade him from taking that rash course of action. |
| | Prosím, musíš ho přemluvit, aby nepodnikl nic unáhleného. |
| distance yourself from [sth/sb] v expr | (keep away) | oddálit se dok |
| | Preferring solitude, I distanced myself from the group. |
| distance yourself from [sth/sb] v expr | (try not to associate with) (někoho) | stranit se ned |
| | (od někoho) | distancovat se ned |
| | The candidate was advised to distance himself from his former wife. |
| distinct from [sth] adj + prep | (different from) | odlišný od příd + předl |
| | | lišící se od příd + předl |
| | | jiný než příd + sp |
| | If you look closely, you can see that this plant is distinct from that one. |
| | Když se podíváš pořádně, uvidíš, že tahle rostlina je odlišná od tamté. |
| distinct from [sth] adj + prep | (separate from [sth]) (něčeho jiného) | oddělený od příd + předl |
| | Agatha likes to keep her work distinct from her home life. |
| distinguish [sb/sth] from [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (see the difference between) (něco od něčeho) | odlišit od dok + předl |
| | | poznat rozdíl mezi dok, fráze |
| | Some people find it difficult to distinguish right from wrong. |
| | Někteří lidé mají roblém odlišit dobré od špatného. |